Scope: professional education and governance analysis, not patient-specific medical, reimbursement, or legal advice. Translations of China-specific policy terms are unofficial.

Executive takeaways

  • Names and alphanumeric codes standardise communication; location still uses landmarks and proportional measurement.
  • Location standards improve reproducibility but do not replace anatomy, safety training, or qualified practice.
  • Research should report stimulation, depth, duration, comparator, and practitioner details.

Scope and reading boundary

A standardised path from point codes, surface location, and measurement to research reporting and needling safety.

This overview maps sources, terminology, and evidence. Each entity page still requires its own provenance, release, and safety review; a collection overview cannot support an individual care decision.

Four-layer knowledge map

Every term passes identity, traditional context, modern evidence, and safety checks before publication.

  • Naming: channel abbreviation plus number, such as ST36.
  • Location: combine anatomy, proportional measurement, position, and laterality.
  • Research: do not collapse needling, pressure, electrical stimulation, and moxibustion.
  • Safety: needling is invasive and requires anatomical, infection, bleeding, and patient-risk controls.

How sources and evidence are graded

Current pharmacopoeias, standards, textbooks, guidelines, and original research have distinct roles. Textbooks explain disciplinary structure, standards fix names and fields, and clinical claims return to the actual population and study design. Mechanistic, animal, or laboratory findings are not human effectiveness claims.

A safer path through the site

Read the overview first, then verify identity and provenance on the entity page. Symptoms, medicines, needling, and disease management require qualified individual judgement. Emergencies and red flags always take priority.

Cross-system control table

Clinical eventPayment contextReview signalHospital action
Care, medicine, device, or documentation changesSeparate FFS, DRG/DIP, and fixed-payment effectsReconcile orders, records, charges, claims, and outcomesVerify facts, correct records and rules, document remediation

Updated 2026-07-06. Always verify the current national and local documents before operational use.